A public service may sometimes have the characteristics of a public good (being non-rivalrous and non-excludable), but most are services which may (according to prevailing social norms) be under-provided by the market. In most cases public services are services, i.e. they do not involve the manufacturing of goods. They may be provided by local or national monopolies, especially in sectors which are natural monopolies. They may involve outputs that are hard to attribute to specific individual effort or hard to measure in terms of key characteristics such as quality. They often require high levels of training and education. They may attract people with a public service ethos who wish to give something to the wider public or community through their work.
Development of public service India
The development of public services in India is neither a phenomenon of modem India nor, as . is often assumed, the contribution of British rule in India. There is historical evidence of the presence of a civil service structure in ancient India but it lacked good operational framework or institutional arrangements. Also, there was no continuity in civil services, as any change in the regime. would bring changes in the civil service. The term civil service and the system as we know was introduced for the first time by the British. The present-day civil service is the result of successive changes under the rule of East India Company and the Crown. This unit deals with the system of civil services that was prevalent until the advent of the East India Company and the development of civil services under the East India Company “I and the Crown under various acts. It will also explain the structure of civil services and changes brought about in it in the post-Independence era.
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